Review

Genitourinary Microbiome Shapes Vaginal and Urinary Health After Menopause

This review highlights that genitourinary health in older postmenopausal women—including genitourinary syndrome of menopause, urinary incontinence, and recurrent UTIs—is substantially influenced by shifts in the genitourinary microbiome driven by estrogen decline, polypharmacy, and aging physiology. The authors call for age-specific, integrative research to translate microbiological insights into person-centered care strategies for postmenopausal vaginal and urinary health.